Qualitative and Quantitative Considerations in Examination of War Essay

Qualitative and Quantitative Considerations in Examination of War - Essay Example According to Clausewitz war is the continuation of politics by other means. War is the mobilization of national power to achieve political objectives, which have been translated into strategic military objectives, by mixing the material factors of economic capacity, technological capacity, transportation, etc., and immaterial factors like national will, will of the ruler and resilience ( Note: Considerations for the Study of War 2010). The military strategic policy of the state will explain how the task is to be accomplished. Every state will go to war with a strategic policy which may be written or may be an ambition of the ruler. So, the aim of war is the most important qualitative consideration. The aim of war can also be limited or unlimited. War has a dual nature, according to Clausewitz. One is the objective reality and the other is the subjective reality. The objective nature of war refers to the common things in war, i.e. violence, fear, danger, fortune, etc.

High School Cliques and School Violence Essay Example for Free

High School Cliques and School Violence Essay There is an overabundant amount of cliques in high schools throughout the United States. Many teenagers believe the only way to be recognized is to be affiliated with the popular crowd. There are many factors that bring about cliques in high schools. Some are based on wealth, style, and race. But in many cases there are cliques that are a combination of these elements. Socioeconomic status is often a big factor in joining cliques. Realistically, wealthy and the poor do not go hand and hand. The children of wealthy homes often degrade people that are poverty struck. Cliques divide people through class distinction. If you are not rich, you cannot have the latest fashions or be able to spend money as freely as others on things, such as, a tenth pair of Nikes. Fashion is another huge aspect of high school cliques. Nearly every high school girl dresses like a supermodel. They purchase tight fitting jeans with oversized belts and a matching shirt from stores like Abercrombie and Fitch, Guess, and American Eagle. Not to mention all the matching jewelry or bling. Boys, too, are caught in a similar trap. They also dress to impress when purchasing a polo shirt or baggy jeans from Polo, Gap, or Structure. The media influences all of these styles. Magazines, television shows, and especially MTV, influence teens on style. For example, a popular television show like, The Hills, advertises high end clothing by having all their actors model their clothing. Cliques are also formed by race. Far too many times people exclude others because of their ethnicity. I realize that people tend to have more in common with people of similar heritage. However, this is no reason to exclude other nationalities. People should try to regulate this by having diverse backgrounds within a specific group. For example a group can consist of Whites, Blacks, Asians, and Latinos instead of one nationality. This way, new things can be learned from other cultures and backgrounds. Cliques dominate the high school scene across the United States. There is a range of cliques in every high school. Some of these range from cliques of fashion to groups of privilege. Any clique can leave demoralizing imprints on a person who does not fit in. These imprints have led to countless incidents of school violence ranging anywhere from physical fights to trying to blow up an entire school with faculty and students inside or even mass shootings, such as the case that occurred at Columbine High School. Violence in schools needs to stop. Too many innocent people are being hurt and even killed in some cases. One way to stop the violence is to regulate cliques. A simple way to do this is try to make all students interact with one another despite their differences in wealth, fashion, and attitude. This will show the students who normally fit in what it feels like to be an outsider.

Superstructure Preliminary Design Report

Superstructure Preliminary Design Report Two superstructure design options for the warehouse have been considered and discussed for the chosen layout, for the first design which is a portal frame and the other is a trusses structure. And all the materials were used in steelwork which are in S355. Design option one For this design option, simple portal frame are used as the main structural design and the frame contains 10 bays, each of them are 6m wide and 17m total length. This give a total area of 102m2 per bay which is satisfy the minimum requirement of the bay area of 85m2 at the beginning of the design brief. The height of the top of the column is 6m and the highest point of the roof is 6.9m which is using 6 degrees for designing the portal frame and which is satisfies the minimum floor to ceiling height of 6m at the beginning of the design brief as well. For the Section sizing, Loading calculations have been completed, and a size for each member has been chosen based on the loads acting on the structure. For the rafter, all secondary beams, (this includes the beams between columns, and the ridge beam), a section size of 356x171x45 UKB has been chosen. It has been assumed that the columns are unrestrained; this choice may be revised in the future. Under this assumption, along with the loading conditions, a section size of 533x210x22 UKB has been chosen for each column. Moreover, the diagonal cross spacing was used for the bracing design in order to maintain the stability of the whole structure under the wind loading and has been sized by using the load calculation conditions, a section size of 60x60x8 UKA has been chosen for all bracing on the roof. Furthermore, haunches with 10% of the span of the rafter long which to touch between each column and the corner of the rafter which mainly use to obtain the effect of hogging. Advantages: The main braces of the structure located on the roof of the portal frame that gives more cavity in between columns. In other words, it gives more options for the locations of the gates for the lorries to drop off. On the other hand, more fire exit can be set. As the roof make angles with both front and side of the structure, the brace on the roof can undertake wind pressure in both directions. In which, less brace is held in front and side of it. This cost less time and cost to construct. The whole structure is design to make with steel beams. This gives the structure with higher strength compare with concrete beams and columns. Between columns and columns, they have equal spaces. This led them to share the same amount to compression. The columns will share the same displacement during deformation. Easier approximation while the structure collapses. As each portal frame share the same structure, it spends less time to construct. Pin joints are used as the support on the bottom of each columns instead of fixed support, the columns of the structure undergo lesser banding moments. A vertical brace is held on the last part of the structure, it supports the brace on the roof. In other words, the materials use to make brace on the roof can be reduced. Two extra columns have been placed at both ends of the portal frame in order to support the end-span, as both end-spans do not have secondary beams either side to help stabilise the rafters in these sections. Disadvantages: While the main braces are on the top of the roof, the columns have to support higher load. The only vertical brace may block the space in between the columns. The main entrance may have to move. Design option two The second design option utilises a Pratt-pattern truss between the columns of each bay to replace a rafter with a haunch. Same as the first design, the frame contains 8 bays, each 6m wide and with a total length of 17m; giving a total area of 102m2 per bay which is satisfy the minimum requirement of the bay area of 85m2 at the beginning of the design brief. The height of the top of the column is 6m and the highest point of the roof is 6.9m which is using 6 degrees for designing the portal frame and which is satisfies the minimum floor to ceiling height of 6m at the beginning of the design brief as well. This design has no bracing as the truss can be afford for the lateral load to maintain the stability of the structure, attained from the use of a truss is sufficient enough to invalidate the use of bracing elsewhere in this particular design. Two extra columns have been placed at both end trusses in order to support the end-span, as both end-spans do not have secondary beams at either side of the truss to help stabilise them. The struts in the trusses are to be connected to the tie beam and rafter using gusset plates and bolts; and the bracing attached to the rafters using the same method. For the Section sizing, Loading calculations have been completed, and a size for each member has been chosen based on the loads acting on the structure. For the rafter, all secondary beams, (this includes the beams between columns, and the ridge beam), a section size of 356x171x45 UKB has been chosen. It has been assumed that the columns are unrestrained; this choice may be revised in the future. Under this assumption, along with the loading conditions, a section size of 533x210x22 UKB has been chosen for each column. Advantages The design has large amount of trusses set on top of the structure. It can from the side of the structure. The whole structure is design to make with steel beams. This gives the structure with higher strength compare with concrete beams and columns. As no vertical brace with the structure to the bottom, this allow extra lorry loading gates. Other than that, flexible fire exits can be set. Equal spacing within columns and columns, this lead to share the same amount to compression. The columns will share the same displacement during deformation. Easier approximation while the structure collapses. Pin joints are used as the support on the bottom of each columns instead of fixed support, the columns of the structure undergo lesser banding moments. Disadvantages As the trusses held on the top of the structure, it gives extra load on the column. Thicker columns have to be used. The cost is relatively high due to the following reasons: -Lot of connections with that trusses -More materials are used -More complied structure, harder to construct While space on the upper part uses as trusses, lesser goods can be stored, it may decrease the efficiency of the portal frame. Construction is time consuming as it has complicated structure. The calculations of the initial loading input Basic values Determine the basic wind velocity (For simplification the directional factor cdir and the seasonal factor cseason are in general equal to 1.0) 2 Basic velocity pressure Where 2 Peak Pressure Calculation of = (mean wind velocity) Where , 2 Calculation of turbulence intensity ( So, Imposed load Wind load(0 degree) Roof cladding, insulation and services Snow load UKC 533x210x92 (Unrestrained column) UKB 356x171x45 (Rafter secondary beam) UKA 60x60x8 (bracing) magnitude 0.6 0.871 1.5 0.6 92 45 7.09 unit kN/m2 kN/m3 kN/m2 kN/m2 kg/m kg/m kg/m length 4.8m 4.8m 4.8m 4.8m 6m 8.5475m 10.443m Initial load 2.88 kN/m 4.181kN/m 7.2kN/m 2.88kN/m 5.41512kN 0.44145kN 0.06955kN Combination Variable Variable Permanent Permanent Permanent Properties Unfavorable favorable characteristic values 1 1.5 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.35 characteristic values 2 1.5 1.5 1.35 1.5 1.35 1 1.35 characteristic values 3 1.3 1.3 1 1.3 1 1 1.5 Total load 1 4.32 kN/m 6.270912 kN/m 7.92 kN/m 4.32kN/m 5.956632 kN 0.397305 kN 0.093896415 kN Total load 2 4.32 kN/m 6.270912 kN/m 9.72 kN/m 4.32 kN/m 7.310412 kN 0.44145 kN 0.093896415 kN Total load 3 3.744 kN/m 5.4347904 kN/m 7.2 kN/m 3.744 kN/m 5.41512 kN 0.44145 kN 0.10432935 kN All the load calculation was took the total load 2 which got the largest value for the worst case. The approximate price calculations for both designs Design 1 The following table shows the materials used of the design; Size of steel Length(m) Quantity Usage UB 533x210x92 6 22 Column UB 356x171x45 8.54751 22 Roof UB 356x171x45 4.8 30 Roof UA 60x60x8 9.8 40 brace UA 60x60x8 7.68375 4 brace Total weight: Size of steel kg/m Total length(m) Total weight UB 533x210x92 92.1 132 12157.2 UB 356x171x45 45 332.04522 14942.0349 UA 60x60x8 7.089 536 3799.704 Total weight of steel =30900kg= 34ton Assuming price of steel is  £700 per ton, cost of the steel used =  £23800 Other than that, joints within the structure are also coincided. M16 bolts in each joint Number of joints Total number of M16 bolts 8 140 1120 Assuming price of each M16 bolt is  £2, cost of bolts used = £2240 Total cost of the structure is around  £26040 Design 2 Size of steel Length(m) Quantity Usage UB 533x210x92 6 22 column UB 356x171x45 4.8 40 Truss UB 356x171x45 1.7 110 Truss UB 356x171x45 8.6 22 Truss UB 356x171x45 2.3 22 Truss UB 356x171x45 2.4 22 Truss UB 356x171x45 2.5 22 Truss UB 356x171x45 2.7 22 Truss UB 356x171x45 2.8 22 Truss UB 356x171x45 1.7 22 Truss UB 356x171x45 1.9 22 Truss UB 356x171x45 2 22 Truss UB 356x171x45 2.2 22 Truss UB 356x171x45 2.4 11 Truss Size of steel kg/m Total length(m) Total weight UB 533x210x92 92.1 132 12157.2 UB 356x171x45 45 1045.6 47052 Total weight of steel = 59200kg =65.26 ton Assuming price of steel is  £700 per ton, price of the steel used =  £45700 Other than that, joints within the structure are also coincided. M16 bolts in each joint Number of joints Total number of M16 bolts 8 242 1936 Assuming price of each M16 bolt is  £2, cost of bolts used = £3872 Total cost of the structure is around  £3872. End of paper

Rocky Essay -- Personal Narrative

Rocky If you were to see Rocky for the first time and you were anything like most people, you would be overcome by a feeling of repugnancy and disgust. This is because he is a homeless person. His real name is Jack but people call him â€Å"Rocky† because of his 6’2† body and his somewhat larger than normal muscles. He doesn’t have the body of any average man. The combination of his light green eyes, his long brown beard, and his long mocha hair falling down from his winter hat, which he wears in every season, reminds me of a depiction of Jesus. But that’s just pure physical appearance. Most of the time, the hair around the rim of his mouth is covered by whatever food he just ate. Sometimes it’s white rice, sometimes it’s powder like that from a donut, but most of the time it’s just a mess and I can’t tell what it is. He’s a homeless clown, for lack of a better word. He likes to make people laugh, and often jokes around. As he smiles he displays a naked mouth. His two front teeth are missing and most of the others sit rotting away. He mumbles words almost to the point where it’s incohe...

Organ Sales Will Save Lives

In the essay â€Å"Organ Sales Will Save Lives† by Joana Mackay, kidney failure is the main topic in this essay. Honestly, I did not really have an opinion on organ sales. It just knew a bit about it. However, after I read this essay, I felt like I completely agreed with her argument. She argues that the sale of human organs should be legal. As we learned, some key features in an argument include a clear and arguable position, necessary background information, and convincing evidence.In Mackay’s essay, at the very beginning of the essay, she clearly states her position, which is â€Å"Governments should not ban the sales of human organs; they should regulate it. † Throughout the entire essay she gives a lot of reasons about why she believe that the sale of human organs should be legal. Also, she pointed out that there is a black market where people can purchase and sell kidney by a very good deal. Meanwhile â€Å"there are over 60,000 people on the waiting list for kidneys, and it takes an average of 10 years for your waiting to end†, in black market, they don’t have to wait a line for ten years.This is very surprising. This evidence stood out the most for me because I did not know that people have to wait for 10 year to get a kidney. Furthermore, in the third world countries, they are willing to sell their kidney, which cost about $1000. Sadly, because they need money to by food and clothing for their family, so they are willing to do anything to get money even sale their kidney. It is so sad to know about this.

Seeking Out a New World †English Essay

Seeking Out a New World – English Essay Free Online Research Papers Seeking Out a New World English Essay Have you ever looked into the skies at night and just wondered what was out there? If there were other races, just trying to live as best they could, or others, trying to claim every planet available before someone ever could get a chance. Have you ever just wanted to leave this planet, in hopes to find something better? All my life I’ve been interested with space and alien races, the stars and their planets. I’ve always wanted to fly around in space, experience zero gravity. To me, it gives me a sense of freedom, free from Earth. Free from everything. I’m sure by now, you’re wondering what I’m talking about. All I’m saying is that, some day, we will be able to do these kinds of things. Sometimes, I will start thinking about the future, and I see it as a type of Star Trek, just not to that extent. Someday, not any time soon, but someday we will get bored with our own system and will want to explore farther then we’ve ever done. NASA will build an interplanetary ship, instruct a crew, and launch them up in to the deep reaches of space, in hopes that we will find something useful. Now, I’m sure, by then, if we don’t change our ways soon, our beloved Earth will be lying on its death bed, just waiting, if it hasn’t died already. So I’m sure, NASA will be looking for another planet we will be able to live on. For most people, this will be a good thing, but the way I see it, I’m sure there will be some environmentalist protest groups trying to ban the whole thing: â€Å"We told you the planet needed to be saved, did you listen, no. Now you’re just going to find another so you can trash it!† And then there are the religious groups: â€Å"Heathens, The Lord is never going to agree with this!† But, who knows, they might not have enough political power to really stop anything, so they might just take things into their own hands, like the protest groups did with the abortion clinic bombings. And of course there is the hippie group that doesn’t want other civilizations to be interfered with. And of course once this group is brought into the world, it will cause a political battle about â€Å"what a civilization consists of.† Could it be a planet full land animals, or must they have a spoken language, some form of intelligence. And who are we to decide, â€Å"They’ll never be smart.† But once the debating and arguing are over, one of two decisions will be made: One, it loses all together, and we can invade any planet we want, regardless of who was there first, with the mind set: We need it, now! Or two, â€Å"Finders, Keepers,† if we find an occupied planet, we’ll just find a different one. Now, if we do find a planet, and it’s supporting life so we give our self’s permission to land there. Are we going to live with them, side by side? I doubt it. I’m reminded of the time Europe found America and completely dominated the new land, ridding it of most of the natives while converting the few they kept. Now, if what they say about history repeating it self is true. Then I sure we’ll kill off the weakly race of aliens, until we realize what we’ve done, put them on the endangered species list, and let them live on reservations with just enough room to build a casino on it. That’s one thing humans are good at; messing thing up and fixing them at the last minute so it looks like they care. Then of course, there is the case that we might piss someone off. What if we take some planet that looks empty, but turns out to be someone’s summer resort; like when the birds migrate south to warmer climates. And, of course, the owners of the planet come back to see we have just made ourselves at home, thinking it’s in empty planet. Naturally, this will upset them just a bit, so they’ll just start shooting with out asking questions. The media gets a hold of this and twists it around, so it looks like they just came out of the red sky (or whatever color the new planets sky is) and just shot us up for the hell of it. Well, the people of Earth will eat this up, because they believe everything on TV, start some protest group, gather up some political power and start a war on these so called â€Å"bullies Now, I’m sure, if there is another race out there, there are more then one. And I’m also sure that they’ll be watching. But their media is better then ours so they’ll know the whole story and get pissed, ally up with all of the other races, and come over and kill off Earth with the logic, â€Å"It will be better for every one.† And it’s done, I once thriving planet of well educated human and now become a race of drifters all on account of a select few. But of course, that’s the way society works now a days. Okay, now I know I’ve been talking about he down side of space travel in the whole paper, but that’s just was comes to mind with I think about it. Now I’m sure it will be this great and wondrous concept, but if we don’t do it right the first time, we may not have a second change to do it again. We need find some way to make a peaceful first contact, a way to show that we mean no harm; we just need a place to stay. I’m sure, once we have established that, then, and only then, will we be set. Research Papers on Seeking Out a New World - English EssayBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm X19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyHip-Hop is ArtThe Hockey GameQuebec and CanadaWhere Wild and West MeetCapital PunishmentEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite Religion